工艺参数对铝镁合金VPPA焊焊缝成形的影响

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摘要：為了探明变极性等离子电弧焊方法对5A06铝合金焊缝成形的影响规律，采用单因素控制对比试验对变极性等离子弧焊缝成形进行了测量分析，研究正负极性电流、离子气流量、正负极电流持续时间和送丝速度4个焊接工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响规律。研究结果表明，随着焊接电流的增大，焊缝正面熔宽和余高呈现先增加后减小的趋势，而背面焊缝的余高增大明显，但背面焊缝熔宽变化不是很明显;随着离子气体流量的增加，等离子电弧力增加，液态金属流动性增加，背面焊缝余高呈明显的增加趋势，而焊缝正面余高则呈下降的趋势;在负极性电流持续时间增加的情况下，焊缝正面余高和熔宽增加幅度较小，焊缝背面余高和熔宽呈减小的趋势;随着送丝速度的增加，焊缝余高显著增加，熔宽也小幅度增加。研究结果可为铝合金VPPA焊提供工艺支持。

关键词：焊接工艺与设备;变极性等离子弧焊;焊缝成形;工艺参数;铝镁合金。

中图分类号：TG4562文献标志码：A。

CAO Lei，ZHANG Liang，JIANG Fan.Influence of welding parameters on weld forming appearance in VPPA welding of Al—Mg alloy[J].Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology，2019，40（3）：265—272.Influence of welding parameters on weld forming。

appearance in VPPA welding of Al—Mg alloy。

CAO Lei1， ZHANG Liang1，2， JIANG Fan3。

（1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near—Net Forming Technology， Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050018， China; 2. School of Materials Science and Engineering， Hebei University of Science and Technology， Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050018， China;3.Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automotive Components， Ministry of Education，Beijing 100859， China）。

Abstract：In order to reveal the influence of VPPAW on the weld appearance of 5A06 aluminum alloy， the weld appearance is measured and analyzed by single factor control comparison test. Four parameters including positive and negative current， plasma gas flow， positive and negative current duration and wire feed aped are tested and analyzed for their influence on the weld forming. The experiment results show that with the increase of welding current， the reinforcement and width of top weld increases first and then decreases， while the reinforcement of back weld increases dramatically， but the changes of back weld width are not obvious; as the plasma gas flow rate increases， the plasma arc force and the fluidity of weld metal both increase， the reinforcement of back weld increases obviously， while that of top weld decreases; in the case of increasing the duration of the negative current， the reinforcement and width of top weld increase slightly， and the reinforcement and width of back weld decrease; as the wire feed speed increases， the reinforcement of weld increases dramatically and the width of weld increases slightly. The research results may provide some welding process support for VPPA welding of aluminum alloys.

Keywords：welding process and equipment; variable polarity plasma arc welding process（VPPAW）; weld appearance; welding parameters; Al—Mg alloy。