PKP与PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折对比分析

摘 要 目的:探讨PKP与PVP治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折对比。

方法:选择80例骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者根据手术方式意愿分为PVP组和PKP组各40例,比较两组骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折治疗效果、手术时间、全部治疗费用、骨水泥应用情况、干预前后患者椎体疼痛程度、伤椎高度及骨水泥渗漏发生率。

结果:两组病症和治疗效果无显著差异;干预前两组椎体疼痛程度、伤椎高度相近(P>0.05),干预后两组椎体疼痛程度和伤椎高度均改善,而PKP组椎高度恢复优于PVP组(P毕业论文网   关键词 PKP PVP 骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折   中图分类号:R683.2 文献标识码:B 文章编号:1006—1533(2018)03—0051—02   Comparison and analysis of PKP and PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures   TANG Siya*   (The Second Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China)   ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the effects of PKP and PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Methods: Eighty cases of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were selected and divided into PVP group and PKP group with 40 cases each based on their intention to surgical methods. The therapeutic effects, the operation time, total cost of the treatment, the application of bone cement, the degree of vertebral body pain before and after intervention, the height of vertebral injury and the incidence of bone cement leakage were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in disease symptoms and therapeutic effects (P>0.05), however, the vertebral pain and vertebral height were improved and the recovery of vertebral height was much better in group PVP than in group PKP after treatment (P0.05)。

1.2 方法   PVP组:根据患者耐受情况选择全麻或局麻,俯卧位,麻醉发挥作用之后,在C臂透视下进行手术,穿刺点位于椎弓根环上棘突旁3 cm,穿刺针平行塌陷终板,侧位:针尖达到椎体1/3处;正位:椎弓根、棘突连续中心内。

穿刺结束将穿针针芯拔除,导针置入,在导针引导作用下空心导管钻入病变椎体,X线下观察空心导管位置情况,给予造影剂注入观察缺损泄漏、静脉充盈情况,注入配置好骨水泥,转动导管,等待完全凝固后拔除导管。

PKP组:术前麻醉、穿刺情况等和PVP组相同。

在导针装入后给予球囊安装,通过球囊压力左右撑开椎体,观察伤椎高度恢复情况,将球囊取出并给予骨水泥注入。

1.3 观察指标   比较两组骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折治疗效果;手术时间、全部治疗费用、骨水泥应用情况;干预前后患者椎体疼痛程度、伤椎高度;骨水泥渗漏发生率。

显效:症状消失,椎体疼痛消失,恢复正常伤椎高度;有效:症状改善,椎体疼痛减轻,基本恢复正常伤椎高度;无效:症状、椎体高度等均无明显改善。

骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折治疗效果为显效、有效百分率之和[2]。

1.4 统计学处理方法   采用SPSS 18.0软件统计,分别计量资料采用t检验、技术资料采用χ2检验,P0.05,表1)。

2.2 干预前后椎体疼痛程度、伤椎高度   干预前两组椎体疼痛程度、伤椎高度相近(P>0.05);干预后两组椎体疼痛程度和伤椎高度均改善,且PKP组伤椎高度恢复优于PVP组(P0.05);PVP组手术时间、全部治疗费用少于PKP组,骨水泥应用情况多于PKP组(P0.05);干预后PVP组椎体疼痛程度和PKP组均改善,而PKP组伤椎高度恢复优于PVP组(P参考文献   [1] 杨丰建, 林伟龙, 朱炯, 等. 经皮椎体成形术经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2011, 21(1): 50—54.   [2] 董双海, 田纪伟, 王雷, 等. 应用经皮椎体成形术经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折[J]. 中华创伤杂志, 2011, 27(3): 236—240.   [3] 董永强. 经皮椎体成形术经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折的疗效比较[J]. 中国基层医药, 2014, 14(17): 2608—2610.   [4] Krüger A, Baroud G, Noriega D, et al. Height restoration and maintenance after treating unstable osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by cement augmentation is dependent on the cement volume used[J]. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2013, 28(7): 725—730.   [5] 王林峰, 张英泽, 申勇, 等. 经皮椎体成形术经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折再发骨折危险因素研究[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2012, 11(10): 765—769.   [6] 刘志斌, 葛郁龙, 贺永进, 等. 经皮椎体成形术经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折的进展[J/ OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2012, 6(18): 146—147.   [7] 汤建华, 李祥, 张世华, 等. 经皮椎体成形术经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折[J]. 中国伤残医学, 2015, 23(6): 41—42.   [8] Sarosiek S1, Seldin DC, Connors LH, et al. Vertebral compression fractures as the initial presentation of AL amyloidosis: case series and review of literature[J]. Amyloid, 2015, 22(3): 156—162.   [9] 张晓峰, 李晓林, 罗轶, 等. 不同方法治疗65岁及以上老年人骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的疗效比较[J]. 中国医师进修杂志, 2013, 36(9): 46—50.

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