宫颈锥切术后与阴道镜下活检对宫颈上皮内瘤变诊断价值的探讨

[摘要] 目的:探讨宫颈锥切术病理检查和阴道镜活检诊断宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)中的价值。方法:对101例阴道镜活检诊断为CIN的患者行宫颈锥切术,对比手术前后的病理结果。结果:13例阴道镜活检病理为CINⅠ级病例中,9例与宫颈锥切术病理相符,3例宫颈锥切术病理级别上升,1例病理级别下降;46例阴道镜活检病理CINⅡ级病例中,27例与宫颈锥切病理相符,7例宫颈锥切病理级别上升,12例病理级别下降;42例阴道镜活检病理为CINⅢ级病例中,25例与宫颈锥切病理相符,7例宫颈锥切病理级别上升,10例病理级别下降。结论:阴道镜活检诊断CIN的一种简单而有效的方法,宫颈锥切术可以弥补阴道镜活检的缺陷,且有治疗作用。 [关键词] 宫颈锥切术阴道镜宫颈上皮内瘤变。

[Abstract] Objective: To compare the diagnostic value of conization of cervix and pathologic histology with vaginoscope in diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). Methods: 101 patients who were diagnosed CIN with pathologic histology with vaginoscope were operated on conization of cervix, and compared the pathologic results before and after the operation. Results: Within 13 cases of CINⅠdegree diagnosed of pathologic histology with vaginoscope, 9 cases were coincident with the result of conization of cervix, the pathologic degree of 3 cases increased after the operation and 1 case decreased; within 46 cases of CINⅡ degree diagnosed of pathologic histologh with vaginoscope, 27 cases were coincident with the result of coization of cervix, the pathologic degree of 7 cases increased after the operation and 10 cases decreased. Conclusion: Pathologic histology with vaginoscope is a simple and effective method for diagnosing CIN, conization of cervix can remedy the defect of the pathologic histology with vaginoscope and shows a therapeutical effect.   [Key words] Conization of cervix; Vaginoscope; Cervical intraepithelial neopliasia      近年来宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasm, CIN)的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,且趋于年轻化。CIN有发展为宫颈浸润癌的可能,故需早期诊断和治疗。阴道镜多点活检宫颈锥切术[包括冷刀和电圈环切术(LEEP术)]已广泛应用于妇产科进行宫颈癌前病变的早期诊断。本文就我科101例阴道镜多点活检为CINⅠ~Ⅲ级的患者行宫颈锥切术后的病理结果与术前进行对比分析,探讨宫颈锥切术阴道镜多点活检诊断CIN的价值。   1 资料与方法   1.1 一般资料   本组共101例,均为2003年5月~2007年12月在我院门诊行阴道镜多点活检确诊的患者,年龄21~53岁,平均38.3岁。平均孕次2.5 次,平均产次1.3次。其中,CINⅠ级13 例, CINⅡ级46例, CINⅢ级42例。101例患者均行宫颈锥切术。   1.2 治疗方法   常规方法行阴道镜检查,同时活检。选择病变最重的部位取材,病变为多象限的,多点活检活检包括病变及周围组织,选择的组织应有一定的深度,包括上皮和足够的间质,标本分别放置并标记清楚,无典型病变的转化区常规取移行带3、6、9、12点。   宫颈锥切术方法:常规消毒外阴阴道后,局部麻醉,碘试验显示病灶边界,根据术者的习惯使用冷刀或LEEP刀行宫颈锥切术,环形切除宫颈病变,包括周围正常宫颈组织0.5~1.0 cm,深度2.0~2.5 cm,创面电凝止血。CINⅢ级术中作快速冷冻切片,根据冷冻结果决定下一步手术范围。CIN分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级,其中CINⅢ级包括重度不典型增生和原位癌,宫颈癌临床分期依据FIGO(国家妇女产科协会)(2000年)[1]。   1.3 统计学分析   采用SPSS 11.5统计软件进行?字2检验,P0.01表示差异有高度统计学意义。

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