胃肠道间质瘤27例临床分析

作者:汤衍斌,马涛,江小琼,邹远航,付世艳,孙淑明。

【关键词】 胃肠道间质瘤;临床分析。

[摘要] 目的:探讨胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的临床特点及诊断治疗。方法:收集我院27例GIST的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:本组平均发病年龄48.6岁。发生部位分别为:胃13例(48.1%),空肠7例(25.9%),回肠5例(18.5%),十二指肠、结肠各1例(各3.7%)。本组病例术前均未能确诊。27例均行外科手术切除,病理证实良性21例(77.8%),恶性6例(22.2%)。肿瘤的大小与良恶性相关(P0.05)。术后随访:良性GIST 18例,平均随访时间24.6个月,16例无局部复发、转移;2例术后1年内复发手术恶性GIST 6例,平均随访26.4个月,3例局部复发手术,1例肝肺转移:2例死亡。5例恶性GIST术后辅以不规则化疗,但生存期未见明显变化。结论:GIST消化道症状无特异性,术前确诊率低。肿瘤的大小是判断良恶性GIST的重要指标。目前间质瘤的治疗仍以手术切除为主,对复发或远处转移者应积极再次手术,可延长生存期。

[关键词] 胃肠道间质瘤;临床分析。

The Diagnosis and Treatment on Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors。

Abstract:Objective To investigate the diagnosis,treatment and clinical features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Methods We retrospectively analyzed 27 patients with GST treated in affiliated hospital of guangdong medical college.Results There were l 8 males,11 famales with average age of 49.5 years.Tumors located in the stomach in 13 cases(48.1%),jejunum in 7 cases(25.9%),ileum in 5 cases(18.5%),and duodenum,mesentery of small intestine,colon and rectum in 1 case(3.7%)respectively.The commonest symptoms were abdominal pain and abdominal distention(65.5%),alimentary tract bleeding(44.8%).We had only a rectum stromal tumor in 1 case diagnosed before operation.All the 27 patients were treated surgically.Histoiogy diagnosed as benign humor in 21 cases(77.8%),malignant in 6 cases(22.2%).The size of tumors was correlated with the malignancy 0f GIST significantly(P0.05).Benign GIST in 1 8 cases were followedup for average 24.6 months,16 of them had no local recurrence and metastasis,2 cases of them relapsed and operated again.Malignant GIST in 6 cases were followedup for average 26.4 months,3 of them with local recurrence were treated with reoperation,1 case of them had liver and lung metastasis,and 2 cases died.Ma1ignant GIST in 5 postoperative cases had been irregularly retreated by chemotherapy,however,the survival period of these patients was not be prolonged.Conclusion The confirmed diagnosis rate of preoperativeGIST is low and digestive tract symptoms have no specific.The size of the tumor is the important marker to the diagnosis of benign of malignant GIST.At present,the operation is still the main method to treat GIST.For recurrent or metastatic cases reoperation can prolong patients‘life.。

Key words:Gastrointesinal tract;Stromaltumors;Clinical analysis。

胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是很少见的非上皮性肿瘤,传统上大多将它诊断为平滑肌源性或神经源性肿瘤。近年的研究表明,此类肿瘤并不同于真正的平滑肌瘤和神经源性肿瘤。我院自1994年10月至2004年10月收治了27例,现报告如下。

1 资料与方法。

1.1 一般资料。

本组27例中,男18例,女9例;年龄32岁~65岁,平均48.6岁;发病至就诊时间为9 d~6 a,平均8个月。

1.2 肿瘤发生部位、大小及性质。

本组27例中,胃间质瘤13例(48.1%),空肠间质瘤7例(25.9%),回肠间质瘤5例(18.5%),十二指肠、结肠间质瘤各1例(各3.7%);瘤体直径5 cm 17例,瘤体直径≥5 cm 10例。经病理证实为恶性间质瘤6例(22.2%),瘤体直径(7.8±1.5)cm;良性间质瘤21例(77.8%),瘤体直径(3.9±1.2)cm,瘤体差异有显著意义(P0.05)。

1.3 临床表现。

GIST的临床表现多种多样,首发症状包括腹痛腹胀19例(70.4%),消化道出血(黑便)13例(48.1%),腹部肿块8例(29.6%),肠梗阻3例(11.1%),贫血2例(7.4%),肠套叠1例(3.7%),肝转移1例(3.7%)。

1.4 检查方法。

本组13例胃间质瘤中,术前均行胃镜检查,8例诊断为黏膜下肿瘤阳性率为61.5%(8/13)。行钡餐X线造影10例,6例明确诊断阳性率60.0%,其中2例为胃壁外向生长型,胃镜钡餐造影为阴性,行CT或B超检查,考虑为胃周围肿瘤。1例十二指肠间质瘤经胃镜诊断十二指肠巨大溃疡,12例小肠间质瘤(空肠7例,回肠5例)中,行消化道X线造影的9例中6例明确诊断阳性率为66.7%。CT或B超检查的10例中5例明确诊断阳性率为50.0%。1例结肠间质瘤结肠镜明确诊断

1.5 统计学方法。

所描述的资料用±s,资料之间的比较用t检验。

2 治疗方法与结果。

2.1 手术治疗。

27例均行手术治疗,手术切除率为100%,无手术并发症及手术死亡,其中局部切除或脏器部分切除25例,1例小肠间质瘤并肝转移者行联合器官切除(小肠、肝部分切除)。

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