鼻内镜手术后复查换药的临床分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨慢性鼻、鼻窦炎鼻息肉内镜手术复查换药的必要性,以便在实际工作中引起重视。方法 对210例慢性鼻、鼻窦炎鼻息肉内镜手术复查换药的情况进行总结、分析。结果 在210例鼻内镜手术复查换药的患者中,复查1次者有5例术后并发症,占100%,复查2次者有19例术后并发症占50%,复查3次者有79例术后并发症占10%,复查4次以上者有107例术后并发症占3.7%,复查3次以内的术后并发症发生率较高,这与患者本身的病变范围、前期手术史和术者的手术经验、技巧以及术后复查换药是分不开的。结论 鼻内镜术后复查换药不仅能减少术后并发症的发生,而且对提高手术成功率和疾病治愈率都有十分重要的意义。

【关键词】 鼻窦炎鼻息肉;鼻内镜并发症复查

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the necessity of re—examination and changing the dressings after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in order to take the matter seriously. Methods 210 patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps treated by ESS were analyzed.Results Among these 210 patients,five of them re—examined one time after the surgery,they all had complications (100%) ;19 patients re—examined twice,half of them had complications(50%);79 patients re—examined three times,10% of them had complications,107 patients re—examined four or more times,only 3.7% of them had complications;The incidence of complications was more higher for those patients who re—examined less than three times.The extent of the lesion, the surgical history of the patients,the technique and experience of the surgery and the re—examination and changing the dressings were closely related to the incidence of complications.Conclusion Re—examination and changing the dressings after endoscopic sinus surgery can not only reduce the complications occurrence,but also increase the surgery success rate and the disease cure rate.

[Key words] sinusitis;nasal polyps;endoscopic;postoperative complications;re—examination。

内镜手术已经成为治疗慢性鼻、鼻窦炎鼻息肉(chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polypsis,CRSwNP)的最主要治疗手段[1],但是,鼻内镜手术复查换药也非常重要,因为鼻内镜手术后,术腔内存在的多种不良因素缺乏合理、有效和及时的复查换药治疗,不仅影响和延缓鼻窦疾病的治愈过程,发生术后并发症,严重者可导致手术的失败或严重并发症的发生。因此探讨鼻内镜手术复查换药已经成为耳鼻咽喉科医师的热门话题[2],为此笔者总结、分析了2005年3月~2007年4月期间210例CRSwNP患者鼻内镜术后复查换药的情况,现报告如下。

1 资料与方法。

1.1 一般资料 自2005年3月~2007年4月我院耳鼻咽喉科在鼻内镜下行慢性鼻、鼻窦炎鼻息肉手术后对210例进行术后复查换药随访。其中男120例,女90例,年龄13~78岁,平均31岁。所有患者术前均行鼻窦CT扫描检查。手术器械采用杭州光典医疗器械有限公司的鼻内镜系统和上海晶杰医用手术吸引切割器系统。CRSwNP的临床分型是按照《鼻内窥镜外科学》[3]的临床分型标准。诊断为CRSwNP Ⅰ型占32%(67例),Ⅱ型占50%(106例),Ⅲ型占18%(37例)。

1.2 术后复查换药的方法 手术后第三天(48~72 h)复查换药为第一次,术后第7天复查换药为第二次,以后每隔7天复查换药1次。每次复查换药均向鼻腔喷洒1%麻黄素和1%丁卡因表面麻醉药混合液后再用鼻内镜详细检查,清除鼻腔和窦口窦腔内的凝血块、分泌物、干痂等,最后用生理盐水冲洗窦腔和鼻腔,并用吸引器吸除,以保持术腔的清洁状态,有利于黏膜的恢复。

2 结果。

内镜手术复查换药并发症发生率结果,见表1。表1 鼻内镜手术复查换药并发症发生率(略)从表1的结果可见,在210例鼻内镜手术复查换药1次者5例,均有不同程度的并发症复查换药2次者有19例,其并发症明显减少;复查换药3次者79例,其并发症不到10%;复查换药4次以上者有107例,其并发症只有3.7%。

0 次访问