COL1A2基因多态性与儿童氟斑牙关系

作者:黄辉,贾新梅,李世宏,阎平平,程学敏,崔留欣,巴月。

【关键词】 I型胶原氟斑牙基因多态性

摘要: 目的 调查I型胶原α2链(COL1A2)PvuⅡ基因型在饮水氟、碘浓度不同地区儿童中的分布,探讨COL1A2 PvuⅡ基因多态性儿童氟斑牙的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)方法检测氟碘正常区、单纯高氟区高氟高碘区8~12岁儿童的COL1A2 PvuⅡ基因型。Dean氏法检查儿童氟斑牙患病情况。结果 3区儿童COL1A2 PvuⅡ基因型在氟碘正常地区分布频率分别为PP233%,Pp367%,pp400%;单纯高氟区分布频率分别为PP98%,Pp451%,pp451%,高氟高碘区分布频率分别为PP137%,Pp384%,pp479%,3区分布差异无统计学意义(χ2=5191,P005)。儿童氟斑牙患病率分别为0,527%,507%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=49081,P005);单纯高氟区高氟高碘区氟斑牙患病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0060,P005),但高氟高碘区氟斑牙指数低于单纯高氟区。结论 COL1A2 PvuⅡ基因多态性与所调查儿童氟斑牙无明显关系。

关键词: I型胶原氟斑牙基因多态性

Relationship of COL1A2 polymorphism to children‘s dental fluorosis。

Abstract: Objective To explore the distribution of collagen type 1 alpha2 (COL1A2)PvuⅡ genotype in children who lived in the high fluoride,high iodine areas,and evaluate the relationship of COL1A2 PvuⅡgene polymorphism to children‘s dental fluorosis.Methods Polymerase chain reaction—restriction fragment length polymorphism technique(PCR—RFLP) was used to determine COL1A2 PvuⅡ genotype of the different children lived in the normal fluoride and iodine area ,the high fluoride area,the high fluoride and high iodine area.The incidence of dental fluorosis was examined by using Dean‘s method.Results The distribution frequency of COL1A2 PvuⅡ genotype was PP23.3%,Pp36.7%,pp40.0% in the normal fluoride and iodine area,PP9.8%,Pp45.1%,pp45.1% in the high fluoride area ,and PP13.7%,Pp38.4%,pp47.9% in the high fluoride and high iodine area respectively.There were no significant differences in the three areas(χ2=5.191,P0.05).The prevalence of dental fluorosis in these three groups was 0,52.7%,50.7% respectively,and there were significant differences in the three areas(χ2=49.081,P0.05).There was no significant difference of children dental fluorosis between the high fluoride area and the high fluoride and iodine area(χ2=0.060,P0.05),but the community fluorosis index(CFI) in the high fluoride and iodine area was lower than that in the high fluoride area.Conclusion There were no correlation between COL1A2 PvuⅡgene polymorphism and the dental fluorosis in the three areas.

Key words: collagen type I;dental fluorosis;gene polymorphism   I型胶原是骨组织中唯一的胶原,由2条α1链和1条α2链组成,分别由Ⅰ型胶原α1链(COL1A1)和Ⅰ型胶原α2链(COL1A2)基因编码。Ⅰ型胶原基因多态性多种多样,其基因的突变可导致很多疾病。近年来对它的研究主要集中在先天遗传疾病上〔1〕。随着环境基因组计划(EGP)启动,越来越多的研究表明,骨组织的损伤反应不仅与暴露于环境有害因素的程度有关,同时还与遗传易感性或耐受性有着密切联系〔2—4〕。而有关COL1A2基因多态性的分布及其与氟斑牙发生发展关系报道较少。本次研究通过环境流行病学调查,采用聚合酶链反应—限制性片段长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)方法,分析Ⅰ型胶原α2链(COL1A2)PvuⅡ各基因型在地氟病区(单纯高氟区高氟高碘区儿童中的分布,探讨该位点基因多态性儿童氟斑牙的关系,为地氟病防治提供基础资料。

1 对象与方法。

11 对象 根据水氟和水碘监测资料,选择通许县某村作为单纯高氟区,平均水氟浓度18mg/L,平均水碘浓度918μg/L;选择开封县某村作为高氟高碘区,平均水氟浓度31mg/L,平均水碘浓度2913μg/L;另选择自然状况、经济条件、人口构成、农作物种类、生活习惯等条件均与高氟区相似,平均水氟浓度10mg/L,平均水碘浓度637μg/L的通许县坡于村作为对照区。选择在当地居住5年以上8~12岁汉族儿童作为研究对象,经体检排除肝、肾功能异常、遗传疾病患者及接受钙剂、氟化物、激素替代治疗者;其中氟碘正常区60名,单纯高氟区74名,高氟高碘地区73名。

12 氟斑牙检查及结果判定 分别进行儿童氟斑牙检查,根据知情同意的原则,抽取外周血进行基因多态性分析。由口腔科执业医师和地氟病防治公共卫生执业医师按照Dean‘s级分类法诊断氟斑牙〔5〕。以氟斑牙患病率(dental fluorosis,DF)和氟斑牙指数(community fluorosis index,CFI)为统计指标。氟斑牙患病率(DF%)=(轻度及极轻度以上氟斑牙人数/受检查人数)×100%氟斑牙指数(CFI)=〔(可疑人数×05)+(极轻人数×1)+(轻度人数×2)+(中度人数×3)+(重度人数×4)〕/受检查人数

13 主要试剂 全血基因组DNA提取试剂盒(Axygen Biosciences公司);Taq DNA聚合酶、三磷酸脱氧核苷(dNTP)Mixture(日本TaKaRa公司);限制性内切酶PvuII(立陶宛,MBI);引物序列由上海生物工程公司合成。

14 COL1A2 PvuⅡ基因多态性分析 COL1A2序列从GeneBank上检索得到,PCR扩增片段长度为584bp,上游引物为:5′—GGAAATATCGGCCCCGCTGGAAA—3′,下游引物为:5′ —GTCCAGGGAATCCAATGTTGCCA—3′。PCR扩增反应体系为50μl,含模板DNA60μl、10×buffer50μl、10pmol/L的上下游引物、50μmol/L的dNTP、20mmol/L的MgCl2和Taq酶25U。扩增条件为:94℃预变性5min,94℃ 50s,55℃ 50s,72℃ 60s,循环5次。然后94℃ 50s,60℃ 50s,72℃60s,循环25次,72℃末端延伸7min。PCR产物经限制性内切酶PvuII在37℃下水浴6h,PCR产物经18%琼脂糖凝胶电泳。以PvuⅡ内切酶的第一个字母做标记,可分为3种基因型:PP、Pp和pp,其中p表示被切开,P表示未被切开。

15 统计分析 采用SPSS120统计软件进行四格表及列联表资料的χ2检验,以α=005为检验水准。

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