大肠菌群检验不同步骤的结果比较

［摘要］ 目的：比较大肠菌群检验初发酵、鉴别平板分离、复发酵三步骤中,一步、二步分别与三步结果的符合率,以便能通过二步法尽快报出结果,做到省时省力。方法：生活饮用水及卤菜均采用国标检验方法。结果：一步与三步符合率为饮用水61%,卤菜81%,二步结果与三步符合率饮用水93%,卤菜为95%,经统计学处理,二步结果与三步结果差异无显著性(P0.05)。结论：笔者认为大批量采集样本时初发酵产酸产气,平板分离菌落典型,革兰染色阴性,便不经复发酵,直接报出结果,可节省时间和人力物力,使公共卫生现场监督人员很快得到科学依据。

［关键词］ 大肠菌群检验;不同步骤;结果比较。

The Coliforms Examine the Result Comparison of Different Step。

Abstract: Objective Comparison coliform examination beginning ferment, discriminate flat panel separation, reply to ferment three steps in, one step, two differences with three result of match a rate, in order to can pass two footworks to report a result as soon as possible, attain to save time laborsaving. Methods Life drinking water and potstewed meat, mark an examination method all and for the country.Results One step and 3 match the rate as drinking water 61%,potstewed meat 81%, two results and 3 match rate drinking water 93%, potstewed meat for 95%, was learned by covariance processing, two result with three result do not notable difference.(P0.05). Conclusion The author think the beginning for amount of large quantity to collect sample ferments to produce sour produce spirit, the flat panel separation germ falls typical model,Gram’s stain feminine gender, then not through reply to ferment, report a resultdirectly, can save time with manpower material resources, make public hygiene the spot direct the personnel get science very quickly basis.

Key words： The coliforms examine; Different step; Result comparison。

大肠菌群检验是卫生细菌检验中最常用的指标之一。目前该方法确定为三步法：初发酵、鉴别平板分离、复发酵，共需时3 d。此方法使用以来,发现初发酵产酸产气,平板分离菌落典型,革兰染色阴性时,与复发酵结果差别不大。所以有人为了能更快的报出结果,省掉了复发酵,也有人认为初发酵产酸产气即可报告结果。为了既快又准确的适应卫生监督工作的需要,笔者对实验室2004年和2005年2年来所做样品的原始记录随机抽取生活饮用水50份，卤菜500份，把每份的大肠菌群三步阳性结果与一步、二步的阳性结果做一比较。

1　材料与方法。

1.1　方法　生活饮用水按《生活饮用水检验规范》［1］操作。卤菜按《食品卫生微生物检验》操作。

1.2　材料　生活饮水为自来水、深井水。卤菜为卤鸡、卤鸭、卤牛肉、卤猪蹄。