家兔血浆中北豆根碱的高效液相色谱法测定及药动学研究

作者:朱孝芹,臧亚如,张欢,刘翠哲。

【摘要】   目的 建立家兔血浆中北豆根碱(RM)的HPLC分析方法,并对RM静注给药在家兔体内药动学过程进行分析研究。方法采用乙腈、二氯甲烷沉淀蛋白质并提取药物,采用HPLC法测定。色谱柱为Discovery C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);流动相为乙腈∶水∶磷酸=16∶84∶0.15(V∶V∶V);检测波长208 nm;柱温为室温;流速0.5 ml·min—1;动物实验使用家兔6只,采用静脉注射给药(10 mg·kg—1),进行血药浓度测定和药动学参数计算。结果家兔血浆内源物质对药物测定无干扰,在血药浓度0.01~0.10 mg·ml—1范围内,浓度对峰面积有良好的线性关系,r= 0.999 8,提取回收率大于85%,方法回收率在98.3%~100.5%之间;日内、日间精密度RSD均小于10%(n=5)。北豆根碱在家兔体内血药浓度—时间曲线符合二室模型。结论该法准确、简便、灵敏,可用于北豆根碱在兔体内药动学的研究。

【关键词】 北豆根总碱; 高效液相色谱法; 家兔药动学

AbstractObjectiveTo establish an HPLC method for determination of dauricine in rabbits plasma and study the related pharmacokinetics in rabbits after Ⅳ injection.MethodsAfter protein was precipitated with acetonitrile and dichloromethane, dauricine in plasma was determined on HPLC with UV detection at 208 nm, and the mobile phase was acetonitrile—water—phosphoric acid(16∶84∶0.15), running at a flow rate of 0.5 ml·min—1. We detected the concentration of dauricine in plasma and caculated pharmacokinetic parameters by 6 rabbits after Ⅳ injection (10 mg·kg—1).ResultsDauricine and endogenous could be separated. Its calibration curve was linear(r=0.999 8) within range of 0.01~0.1 mg·ml—1, the extraction recovery was more than 85%, the method recovery was within range of 98.3%~100.5%, the intra—day and inter—day precision was less than 10%(n=5). The concentration—time curve of dauricine in rabbits plasma could be fitted to two—compartment model.ConclusionThis method is sensitive, simple and accurate. It is suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of dauricine in rabbits.

Key wordsDauricine; HPLC; Rabbits; Pharmacokinetics   北豆根为防己科植物蝙蝠葛Menispermum dauricum DC.的干燥根茎,有清热解毒、祛风止痛作用,其有效部位是生物碱,现已知北豆根中含有近二十种生物碱,总碱含量可达1%以上,其中含量最高的生物碱为RM,其含量约占总生物碱的50%左右[1]。临床及实验均证实RM有良好的抗心律失常作用,且RM延长心肌动作电位时程作用存在剂量依赖性[2]。此外,北豆根碱还有抑制动脉血栓形成[3]、抗氧化[4]、抗肿瘤等[5]作用,具有广泛的应用前景。本实验采用单剂量静脉注射给药的方法,检测北豆根碱在家兔体内血药浓度,应用3p87软件计算药动学参数。

1 仪器与试药。

80—2B型台式离心机;802B型台式离心机;LG16W型离心机;ZH—2型全自动涡流混合器;JASCO高效液相色谱仪(UV—15紫外—可见光检测器,RU1580泵,CKChom色谱工作站,日本);北豆根饮片,市售,承德产,经鉴定为蝙蝠葛;北豆根碱,对照品,自制(含量99.0%);无水甲醇、磷酸为分析纯;甲醇、乙腈色谱纯。

2 方法与结果。

2.1 色谱条件。

色谱柱为Discovery C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈∶水∶磷酸=16∶84∶0.15(V∶V∶V);检测波长208 nm;柱温为室温;流速0.5 ml·min—1。

2.2 对照品储备液精密称取北豆根对照品(60℃干燥至恒重)5.0 mg置25 ml容量瓶中,用流动相溶解并定容,作为对照品储备液。

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